Final consonant + 이에요 [i-e-yo]
No final consonant (Only vowel) + 예요 [ye-yo]
2) Sentence Structure
English sentence structure:
ABC + [be] + DEF.
** DEF is a noun here.
Ex)
ABC is DEF.
I am ABC.
You are XYZ.
Korean sentence structure:
ABC + DEF + [be]
** DEF is a noun here.
Ex)
이거 ABC예요. [i-geo ABC-ye-yo] = This is ABC
3) Sample Sentences
물이에요. = 물 + 이에요 [mul + i-e-yo]
(It’s) water.
가방이에요. = 가방 + 이에요 [ga-bang + i-e-yo]
(It’s) a bag.
사무실이에요. = 사무실 + 이에요 [sa-mu-sil + i-e-yo]
(It’s) an office.
학교예요. = 학교 + 예요 [hak-gyo + ye-yo]
(It’s) a school.
저예요. = 저 + 예요 [ jeo + ye-yo]
(It’s) me.
4) Asking questions
You can also make this a question simply by raising the tone at the end of the sentence
물이에요. [mul-i-e-yo] = It’s water.
물이에요? [mul-i-e-yo?] = Is that water? Is this water?
학교예요. [hak-gyo-ye-yo] = It’s a school.
학교예요? [hak-yo-ye-yo] = Is it a school? Are you at school now?
뭐 [mwo] = what
뭐예요? [mwo-ye-yo?] = What is it? What’s that?
5) 이거 [i-geo] = this, this one
이 [i] (“this”) + 것 [geot] (“thing”) = 이것 [i-geot] --> 이거 [i-geo]
이거 [i-geo] is originally 이것 [i-geot] and it is a combination of 이 [i] (“this”) and 것 [geot]
(“thing”) but it is often used as just 이거 [i-geo] for the ease of pronunciation
6) Sample Sentences 2 (for vocab)
이거 책이에요. [i-geo chaek-i-e-yo] = This is a book.
이거 카메라예요. [i-geo ka-me-ra-ye-yo] = This is a camera.
이거 커피예요. [i-geo keo-pi-ye-yo] = This is coffee.
이거 사전이에요. [i-geo sa-jeon-i-e-yo] = This is a dictionary.
7) 이거 뭐예요? [i-geo mwo-ye-yo?] = What is this?
이거 뭐예요? [i-geo mwo-ye-yo?] = What is this?
이거 핸드폰이에요. [i-geo haen-deu-pon-i-e-yo] = This is a cellphone.
이거 뭐예요? [i-geo mwo-ye-yo?] = What is this?
이거 물이에요. [i-geo mul-i-e-yo] = This is water.
이거 뭐예요? [i-geo mwo-ye-yo?] = What is this?
이거 커피예요. [i-geo keo-pi-ye-yo] = This is coffee.
8) Modifiers
이 [i] = this (near you)
그 [geu] = the / that (near the other person)
저 [ jeo] = that (over there)
9) Usage: like chinese zhe ge and na ge
이 [i] = this
이 + 것 = 이것 [i-geot] or 이거 [i-geo] = this thing, this item, this one
그 [geu] = the, that
그 + 것 = 그것 [geu-geot] or 그거 [geu-geo] = the thing, the item, that one, it
저 [ jeo] = the, that, that ... over there
저 + 것 = 저것 [geu-geot] or 저거 [geu-geo] = that thing over there
You can form various expressions using 이, 그, or 저 along with other words.
Example)
사람 [sa-ram] means a person
이 사람 [i sa-ram] = this person, this man here, this lady here, he, she
그 사람 [geu sa-ram] = the person, that person, he, she
저 사람 [ jeo sa-ram] = that person over there, he, she
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